DIN 2093 Standard

Scope and application

Disc springs are conical ring elements (washers) with elastic properties which are resistant to axial compression load. Disc springs may be subject to static or dynamic loads.

DIN 2093 standard specifies the requirements that a disc spring needs to comply with:  design, production process, production tolerances and performance (Load and Displacement) as well as relaxation at different temperatures allowed and fatigue life cycles to withstand depending on the tension variations they are subject to.

This standard defines different manufacture methods depending on the spring thickness and dimensions (between diameters, and between height and thickness) forming three different groups with the aim to cover a wide spectrum of load and displacement.

The main aspects covered by this standard are:

• Materials allowed for the spring manufacture.

• Manufacture processes to ensure elastic properties, durability and efficiency.

• Dimensions and proportions the piece should meet.

• Load expected depending on the displacement.

• Tension levels the spring material should withstand as well as relaxation and fatigue expectations depending on the tension variation.

• Guidance tolerances for stacks for both internal and external guidance.

Standard main points

Only the most relevant aspects of the standard are detailed due to its extension. However, the full standard can be downloaded PDF.

Disc springs groups

The standard establishes the spring classification in three groups depending on their thickness. This distinction affects the manufacture processes. It also defines if the spring should have supporting surfaces (reduced thickness). The groups are:

Materials

For the manufacture of disc springs the use of steels with an elasticity module of 206.000 N/mm²   such as DIN 17221 (51CrMoV4) and DIN 17222 (51CrV4) is established as a standard rule. It should be considered that carbon steels DIN 1.1231 (CK 67) and DIN 1.1248 (CK 75) will only be used for the manufacture of Group-1 springs. However, other materials, such as stainless steels or copper alloys, which have different elasticity module, can also be used. You may contact our engineers for different dimensions and materials which are not included in the standard.

Manufacture processes

According to the group the spring to be manufactured belongs to, the standard establishes the manufacture procedures as well as the surface finishing:

It should be considered that the surface and edge finishing does not apply if the pieces are under a “shot-penned” process.

Dimensions and load classification

DIN 2093 standard establishes a number of measures for disc springs based on specific external diameters and proportionality in the rest of their measures which allow to comply with the load standards. Three series (A, B and C), which are provided with a different load level (high, medium and low), are defined for each external diameter.

Specific proportionality among its measures, which means the three different load levels, is defined for each series.

In the manufacturers’ catalogue, they are usually identified by the series and external diameter (p.e. A50, C71 or B100). Apart from these pieces defined by the standard, other pieces may be manufactured under the same guidelines, although they do not strictly belong to any of the 3 series.

Tolerances

Dimensional, load and even material hardness tolerances are defined in the standard. These tolerances are different depending on the group the springs belong to and there are variations within each group depending on the piece thickness.

Outside diameter OD inside diameter ID

Manufacturing tolerances of the Outside Diameter (OD) and the Inside Diameter (ID) are determined by the measuring range of these diameters. We can see these tolerances in the following table: